What is Cavernous malformations?

These are abnormal blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord that have a reduced diameter and thin walls, which causes slow blood circulation that is susceptible to leaks and hemorrhages.

Cavernous malformations, whose origin is generally spontaneous, can also be hereditary. They usually look like a small raspberry that can measure from 0.5 to 10 centimeters. When they appear in the brain, they can produce symptoms similar to a stroke. In contrast, when they appear in the spinal cord, there may be numbness in the limbs, movement difficulties, and intestinal and bladder alterations.

Signs and symptoms Cavernous malformations

Seizures.
Severe migraines.
Weak upper and lower limbs.
Numbness.
Numbness.
Problems speaking.
Attention difficulties.
Memory disorders.
Trouble walking.
Loss of balance.
Vision alterations.

Among cavernous malformation most serious complications are:

Recurrent nosebleeds.
Stroke.
Progressive neurological damage.

Diagnosis and treatment Cavernous malformations

After the doctor analyzes your symptoms and clinical history, they will perform a physical and neurological examination and will request various tests to rule out other conditions and corroborate the diagnosis, such as:

Magnetic resonance angiography.
Genetic tests.

The treatment to follow will depend on the severity of the symptoms, the location, and size of the cavernous malformations, but, in general, they must be treated by a multidisciplinary team that includes:

Neurologists.
Cerebrovascular neurologists.
Neurosurgeons.
Neuroradiologists.

Normally, the therapy to follow may consist of:

Medication.
Surgery.

At the Neurology Center, a select group of highly trained and certified doctors in various neurological specialties is ready to assist you with the quality and warmth that characterizes us.

Related centers and departments

Neurology Center
Internal Medicine
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

neurology.com
topdoctors.es
cun.es
neurology.org
middlesexhealth.org
mayoclinic.org
medlineplus.gov
msdmanuals.com
medigraphic.com
Díaz CA, Zottis GC, Rehder R, et al. Angioma cavernoso de los nervios craneales: Manejo quirúrgico, resultados y complicaciones. Rev Mex Neuroci. 2010;11(4):258-268.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is Cavernous malformations?

Signs and symptoms Cavernous malformations

Diagnosis and treatment Cavernous malformations

Related centers and departments

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Cavernous malformations