What is Peripheral arterial disease?

This condition occurs when the blood vessels are obstructed by the existence of accumulated fatty plaques on the walls (atherosclerosis). By narrowing the vessels, the correct distribution of blood to the rest of the body is inhibited, particularly to the limbs, with the risk of clots forming that can cause death of muscle tissues.

Today, this disease causes a large number of strokes and heart attacks globally.

Signs and symptoms Peripheral arterial disease

Changes in the tonality of the limbs.
Sexual impotence in men.
Weak arms and legs.
Bad healing.
Cold in hands and feet.
Thickened and cloudy toenails.
Fragile and sagging skin or slow growth of body hair.

Main causes:

Disorders such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
Diseases such as Raynaud’s, chronic venous insufficiency, and deep venous thrombosis.
Sedentary lifestyle.
A high-fat and high-cholesterol diet.
Overweight and obesity.
Old age.
Smoking and drinking excessively.

Prevention:

It is possible to prevent it if you change your lifestyle and acquire healthy habits:

Quit smoking.
Take care of your glucose level.
Do sports on a regular basis.
Check your blood pressure.
Lower your cholesterol
Avoid foods with saturated fat.
Do not drink alcohol.

Diagnosis and treatment Peripheral arterial disease

In addition to a physical examination and a review of the patient’s medical history, the diagnosis may require additional studies.

Some of the main studies are:

Angiography to visualize blockage in blood vessels.
Lipid profile to measure cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood.
Ultrasound to check blood flow.
Angiography and stress test to see how the heart is working.

Treatment options:

Its goal is to control symptoms, stop their progression, and lower your chances of having a heart attack or stroke.

Your ABC doctor will determine the specific treatment based on:

Your age, general health, and medical history.
Current state of the disease and expectations of it.
Tolerance to certain medications, procedures, or therapies.

Treatment can include significant changes in your lifestyle, the incorporation of drugs to remove plaque in blood vessels and improve circulation, or interventions such as vascular surgery or angioplasty that improve blood flow.

In addition to the chosen treatment, your ABC doctor will recommend a series of daily exercises to improve your physical condition and your cardiovascular health.

At the Cardiovascular Center we offer you a wide range of prevention, diagnosis, timely treatment, and follow-up services to take care of you through a comprehensive and multidisciplinary care model. Come to us, we want to hear your heart.

Related centers and departments

Cardiovascular Center
High Specialty Surgery Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical laboratory

Fuentes:

fundación mexicana del corazón
sociedad española de cardiología
texasheart.org
fundaciondelcorazon.com
medigraphic.org
Criqui MH, Aboyans V. Epidemiology of peripheral artery disease. Circ Res. 2015 [acceso 27/01/2020]; 116:1509-26. Disponible en: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/circresaha.116.303849
Fowkes FG, Rudan D, Rudan I. Comparison of global estimates of prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2000 and 2010: a systematic review and analysis. Lancet. 2013;382(9901):1329-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61249-0
García GY, Guerra FL, Domínguez AE, et al. Enfermedad arterial periférica asintomática en personas con diabetes de tipo 2. Revista Cubana de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. 2020;21(3):1-19.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is Peripheral arterial disease?

Signs and symptoms Peripheral arterial disease

Diagnosis and treatment Peripheral arterial disease

Related centers and departments

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Peripheral arterial disease