ABC Medical Center > Diseases > Stomach cancer

What is Stomach cancer?

21:53 - 4 May , 2021

Disease

When abnormal stomach cells begin to grow chaotically, we are in the presence of gastric cancer, which can affect any of the five parts that make up the stomach (cardia, fundus, body, antrum, and pylorus).

It is more frequent in the main area or body of the stomach, being able to metastasize and spread to other parts of the stomach or other organs.

The affected stomach area is key when establishing the treatment to be followed, the most common being surgical removal of the tumor, combined with other therapeutic options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, among others.

Most common types of stomach cancer:

  • Lymphoma.
  • Adenocarcinoma.
  • Stromal tumor
  • Carcinoid.

Potential risks:

The following factors increase the chances of gastric cancer:

  • Chronic infection by Helicobacter pylori.
  • Chronic gastritis.
  • Smoking.
  • Gastric growths or polyps.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux.
  • Overweight and obesity.
  • Diet high in cold cuts and smoked products.
  • Diet low in fiber and vegetables.
  • Having family members who have had this type of cancer.

Signs and symptoms Stomach cancer

  • Difficulty digesting food.
  • Nausea.
  • Vomit.
  • Stomach cramps.
  • Decreased body weight.
  • Swallowing problems.
  • Stomach inflammation after food intake.
  • Feeling full after consuming very little food.

Diagnosis and treatment Stomach cancer

Once your doctor analyzes your symptoms and clinical history, he or she will perform a physical examination and request a series of tests to establish an accurate diagnosis, such as blood tests, endoscopy, biopsy, computed tomography, positron emission tomography (PET), and in case of not obtaining definitive answers, an exploratory surgery.

After knowing the location of the tumor, its type, and its degree of progress, the doctor will establish a treatment plan that will include, depending on the case, the surgical removal of the tumor when detected early or, in severe cases, will perform a partial or total gastric resection, which is the removal of a piece or the entire stomach.

As a complement to surgery, you will likely be prescribed chemotherapy and radiotherapy sessions before surgery to try to make the tumor smaller and facilitate the procedure. They may also indicate post-surgery sessions to remove any remaining cancer cells.

Additionally, they may prescribe drugs with a high degree of specificity to promote the destruction of malignant cells or give immunotherapy, which is a therapeutic option that seeks to have your immune system help your body fight cancer.

Since its opening in 2009, our Cancer Center offers chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments at the level of the best medical centers in the world through a comprehensive care model for cancer patients.

Fuentes:

  • topdoctors.es
  • cancer.org
  • cancer.net
  • cancer.gov
  • mayoclinic.org
  • medlineplus.gov
  • medigraphic.com
  • Escalona VR. Caracterización anatomopatológica de pacientes operados por cáncer de estómago. MediSan. 2014;18(07):971-977.
  • Rodríguez MF. Cáncer gástrico: Su relación con Helicobacter pylori. Rev Med Cos Cen. 2014;71(609):5-7.
  • Oñate-Ocaña LF, Ochoa-Carrillo FJ. El papel de la cirugía de invasión mínima en el manejo de pacientes con carcinoma gástrico. Cir Cir. 2003;71(4):324-328.
  • Morales TR, Brismat RI, Gutiérrez RÁR. Morbimortalidad por cáncer gástrico en un servicio de cirugía general. Revista Cubana de Cirugía. 2020;59(4):1-11.

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