What is Dwarfism?

It refers to short stature (less than 1.47 m) whose cause is genetic or caused by a specific condition. Dwarfism is classified into two types:

Disproportionate:
Bone development is blocked, so there is a lack of proportion in the various body parts since some may be small and others large.

Proportionate:
There is a balance and proportion between all parts of the body despite being small. Dwarfism is usually due to unknown genetic abnormalities, but the relationship of this condition with the following diseases has been identified:
- Achondroplasia.
- Congenital spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia.
- Turner syndrome.
- Dysfunction in growth hormone.
- Malnutrition.

Signs and symptoms Dwarfism

The symptoms depend on the type of dwarfism suffered:

Disproportionate:

Disproportionately short stature.
Normal size or short trunk.
Short limbs.
Extremely large head.
Normal intellectual capacity.

Proportionate:

Small but proportionate head, thorax, and limbs.
Slow development.
Lack of sexual development.

There are several complications associated with dwarfism:

Disproportionate:

Problems developing motor skills.
Recurrent ear infections.
Decrease or loss of hearing
Bowlegged.
Sleep apnea.
Spinal cord pressure at the base of the skull.
Hydrocephalus.
Spinal problems.
Arthritis.
Overweight and obesity.

Proportionate:

Heart conditions.
Lack of sexual maturity.
Social isolation.

Diagnosis and treatment Dwarfism

Once the pediatrician analyzes your child’s symptoms and signs, they will perform a comprehensive physical examination and perform a series of tests such as X-rays, computed tomography and MRI, and genetic and hormonal tests.

The treatment plan focuses on providing the patient with the greatest degree of independence and avoiding related complications, which is why it usually includes hormonal therapies and corrective surgical procedures.

At the Pediatrics Center, we provide specialized care to our little patients from birth to adulthood, through our pediatric, oncology, neurology, and cardiology services at the level of the best medical centers in the world.

Related centers and departments

Pediatrics Center
Internal medicine
High Specialty Surgery Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory
Cancer Center

Fuentes:

kidshealth.org
topdoctors.es
healthychildren.org
mayoclinic.org
stanfordchildrens.org
medigraphic.com
Pedraza-Flechas PV, Gutiérrez-Camacho C, Flores-Huerta S, et al. Evaluación de conocimientos sobre talla baja en residentes de pediatría. Aten Fam. 2013;20(2):46-50.
León HTG, Loa UML. Atención estomatológica del paciente pediátrico con síndrome de Robinow. Arch Inv Mat Inf. 2013;5(2):84-88.
Licourt OD, Menéndez GR, Reyes PLM. Displasia Acromesomélica. Reporte de dos casos. Rev Cub Gen. 2010;4(2):55-58.
Rojas BIA, Torres MM, La Rosa LD, et al. Diagnóstico prenatal de displasia tanatofórica. Presentación de un caso. Rev Cub Gen. 2011;5(1):.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is Dwarfism?

Signs and symptoms Dwarfism

Diagnosis and treatment Dwarfism

Related centers and departments

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Dwarfism