What is Liver cancer?

This condition that attacks the liver cells can occur in various forms and types, the most frequent being the so-called hepatocellular carcinoma, followed by others such as hepatoblastoma and cholangiocarcinoma.

However, it is more common for cancer to develop in other areas of the body and spread to the liver, rather than originate in the liver cells. When this occurs, it is not classified as liver cancer, but as metastatic cancer.

Signs and symptoms Liver cancer

During the initial stages of liver cancer, symptoms do not usually appear, but when it is already advanced the following may appear:

Lack of appetite and decreased body weight.
Abdominal pain and swelling.
Recurrent nausea and vomiting.
Tiredness and lack of energy.
Discolored or white stools.
Jaundice.

Potential risks:

Cirrhosis.
Diabetes.
Hepatitis B or C.
Fatty liver.
Alcoholism.

Diagnosis and treatment Liver cancer

After a physical examination and analyzing your medical history, your doctor will request liver function blood tests, imaging studies such as MRI, ultrasound, and computed tomography, and a biopsy of the affected tissue to confirm the diagnosis.

Depending on how advanced the cancer is, its type, and your health condition, your doctor will determine the treatment to be followed, which may include chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as surgery to remove the tumor or if the organ is too damaged and dysfunctional, a liver transplant will be necessary.

The Transplant Center, with more than ten years of service, has a multidisciplinary care model for different solid organ transplants within a highly professional, safe, and comfortable environment, in strict adherence to the highest standards in safety and patient care.

Organ and tissue transplants constitute the most important therapeutic advance in the last 50 years in the field of health sciences. Achieving this has involved practically every specialty of modern medicine.

Related centers and departments

Transplant Center
High Specialty Surgery Center
Cancer Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

mayoclinic.org
cancer.org
seom.org
msdmanuals.com
medigraphic.com
Domínguez GEJ, Sabater OL, Piña PLR, et al. Pautas simplificadas en el paciente portador de un hígado metastásico. Revista Cubana de Cirugía. 2019;58(3):1-8.
Pacheco-Pérez R, Rodríguez-Cortés F, Erosa-González M, et al. El tratamiento multidisciplinario del hepatocarcinoma y el cáncer renal metastásico. Conclusiones de la primera reunión interinstitucional IMSS-ISSSTE. Rev Esp Med Quir. 2018;23(3):139-144.
Zamora-Soberón CA, Angulo-Salazar D, Herrera-Zarza MC, et al. La importancia de los métodos de imagen en el diagnóstico del carcinoma hepatocelular. Rol actual de la PET-CT. Anales de Radiología México. 2019;18(3):177-186.
Castillo-García J, Montes de Oca-Orellana R, León-Merino G, et al. Linfoma hepático de células tipo B. Acta Med. 2018;16(1):54-57.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is Liver cancer?

Signs and symptoms Liver cancer

Diagnosis and treatment Liver cancer

Related centers and departments

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Liver cancer