What is migraine?

4 May 2021

It is a neurological disorder that manifests with an acute headache that can vary in intensity and respond differently depending on the case. Its duration can vary between a few hours or a few days, often accompanied by dizziness, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, sounds, and strong odors.

The onset of this condition is usually between 12 and 46 years old, being more frequent in women.

Migraine can be sporadic or occur several times in a week or a month. It is said to be a disease caused by abnormal activity in the brain, affecting blood flow and brain tissues.

Signs and symptoms Migraine

The following signs may appear before a migraine and can alert you:

Increased thirst and food cravings.
Feeling sleepy and yawning.
Changing mood.
Nasal congestion.
Trouble speaking.
Constipation.
Hypersensitivity to odors.
Increased urine volume.
Photosensitivity.
Tearing.
Stiff neck.

Risk factors:

Its origin is unknown, but it is believed that genetic and environmental factors play a significant role, together with brain and brain chemicals imbalances, including serotonin, which regulates pain in the nervous system.

Diagnosis and treatment Migraine

There is no specific test to help diagnose migraine, so your doctor will ask about your symptoms, frequency, and duration of the pain, as well as your family history of the condition. He or she will also perform a general physical examination to assess whether the headaches are caused by muscle tension or a brain disorder. If considered necessary, he or she will request a computed tomography or MRI of the brain.

Treatment consists of avoiding the frequency and severity of migraines, managing the factors that trigger them, including lifestyle changes, such as:

Controlling your stress.
Getting enough sleep and go to bed at the same time each night.
Avoiding excess alcohol and caffeine.
Avoiding being overweight and obese.
Improving your eating habits.

The use of various drugs also helps prevent some migraines and make them less painful.

At the Neurological Center, a select group of highly professional and certified doctors in the various neurological specialties are ready to assist you with the quality and warmth that characterizes us.

Our mission is to provide you with comprehensive and multidisciplinary care programs for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of nervous system diseases, always focusing our activities on your safety.

Nervous system specialties

Neurology
Neurosurgery
Spine surgery
Pediatric neurosurgery
Neurophysiology
Neuro-rehabilitation
Neuro-pathology
Interventional neuro-radiology
Neuropsychology
Neuro-oncology
Neuro-otology
Epilepsy
Neuro-ophthalmology
Neuroimaging

Related centers and departments Migraine

Fuentes:

mayoclinic.org
medlineplus.gov
aao.org
msdmanuals.com
medicalnewstoday.com
medigraphic.com
Solano MA, Ramírez VX, Solano CA. Actualización de la migraña . Revista Médica Sinergia. 2020;5(04):1-11.
Romero CA, Brenes ZMJ, Jiménez VM. Migraña: tratamiento de crisis y farmacoterapia profiláctica . Revista Médica Sinergia. 2020;5(01):334.
Domínguez-Moreno R, Vega-Boada F, Mena-Arceo RG. Nuevos tratamientos contra la migraña. Med Int Mex. 2019;35(3):397-405.
Beas-Padilla RA, Hochman M, Mascareño-Guel A, et al. Cirugía para el control de migraña. Otorrinolaringología. 2018;63(4):165-172.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is migraine?

Signs and symptoms Migraine

Diagnosis and treatment Migraine

Related centers and departments Migraine

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Migraine