What is Mild cognitive impairment?

When difficulties are experienced in the areas of reasoning, memory, or language, whether isolated or combined, we are faced with the presence of the so-called mild cognitive impairment, which represents the midpoint between the loss of cognitive capacity typical of old age and dementia.

Many times we are aware of the progressive decrease in our mental abilities, but sometimes it is others who notice it. Generally, it does not disrupt our daily lives or make our social interactions and activities too difficult.

Mild cognitive impairment does not have a defined prognosis, as it can decrease over time, remain unchanged, or become dementia or Alzheimer’s disease.

Although the direct cause of mild cognitive impairment is unknown, several potential risks for developing this condition have been identified, including:

Being elderly.
Carry the Alzheimer’s disease-related gene.
Diabetes.
Smoking.
High blood pressure.
High cholesterol.
Overweight and obesity.
Depression.
Sedentary lifestyle.

Signs and symptoms Mild cognitive impairment

Recurrent forgetfulness.
Not remembering important activities or social events.
Difficulty expressing ideas and thoughts.
Problems understanding narratives, stories, or plots in books or movies.
Increasing difficulties in decision-making.
Problems interacting socially.
Impulsiveness.
Lack of judgment.
Depression.
Aggressiveness.
Stress.
Apathy.

Diagnosis and treatment Mild cognitive impairment

Once the doctor analyzes your symptoms and medical history, they will perform a physical and neurological examination, as well as blood tests, MRI, and CT scan, to rule out other conditions and confirm the diagnosis.

Up to date, there are no specific drugs to treat mild cognitive impairment, but the same drugs indicated for Alzheimer’s disease are generally used.

Other conditions can increase mild cognitive impairment symptoms, which must be treated simultaneously, including:

High blood pressure.
Depression.
Sleep disorders, such as apnea.

At the Neurology Center, a group of highly trained and certified doctors in various neurological specialties are prepared to serve you with the quality and warmth that characterizes us.

Related centers and departments

Neurology Center
High Specialty Surgery Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

neurology.com
topdoctors.es
mayocilinic.org
medlineplus.gov
cun.es
elsevier.es
msdmanuals.com
medigraphic.com
Fonte ST, Santos HDJ. Deterioro cognitivo leve en personas mayores de 85 años. Rev Cubana Med. 2020;59(1):1-13.
Choreño-Parra JA, De la Rosa-Arredondo T, Guadarrama-Ortíz P. Abordaje diagnóstico del paciente con deterioro cognitivo en el primer nivel de atención. Med Int Mex. 2020;36(6):807-824.
Ocaña MCM, Montoya PA, Bolaño DGA. Perfil clínico neuropsicológico del deterioro cognitivo subtipo posible Alzheimer. MediSan. 2019;23(05):875-891.
Ramos DAC, Vilchis CE, Espinoza AG, et al. Clasificación del deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Aten Fam. 2020;27(2):61-65.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is Mild cognitive impairment?

Signs and symptoms Mild cognitive impairment

Diagnosis and treatment Mild cognitive impairment

Related centers and departments

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Mild cognitive impairment