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What is monocytopenia?
21 November 2025
Monocytopenia is a rare genetic immune disorder characterized by a significant decrease in dendritic cells or monocytes, which often leads to bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral infections.
Monocytopenia is a hereditary condition whose symptoms appear during childhood or adulthood. It can progress and cause acute or chronic myeloid leukemia.
To better understand this pathology, it’s important to remember that the bone marrow generates monocytes, and anything that affects it can alter their production and that of other white blood cells, weakening the immune system.
Common causes of monocytopenia include cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy, diseases that compromise bone marrow function, a severe allergic reaction, trauma, or sepsis.
Signs and symptoms Monocytopenia
Typically, symptoms do not appear at the onset of the disease, but as it progresses, the following may manifest:
- Episodes of diarrhea.
- Pain.
- General discomfort.
- Elevated temperature.
- Swollen lymph nodes.
- Generalized inflammation.
- Bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, including mycobacterial infection.
- Nausea.
- Warts.
- Vomiting.
Diagnosis and treatment Monocytopenia
In addition to analyzing symptoms and reviewing your clinical history, a doctor will perform a physical exam and order tests to determine the cause, such as:
- Blood tests.
- Urine tests.
- Stool culture.
- Genetic tests.
The treatment for monocytopenia depends on the underlying cause, symptoms, their severity, and your overall health. It involves measures to prevent infections, including:
- Antibiotics.
- Regular vaccinations.
- Avoiding places where you might be exposed to an infection.
- Periodically scheduled complete blood counts.
- Stem cell transplantation.
At the ABC Medical Center’s Department of Internal Medicine, we provide high-quality, safe medical care, from prevention and diagnosis to timely treatment and follow-up for a wide range of infectious, respiratory, endocrine, dermatological, rheumatic, nephrological, gastrointestinal, and hematological conditions. We treat both chronic-degenerative and acute conditions using a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach.
Related centers and departments Monocytopenia
Fuentes:
- elsevier.es
- nih.gov
- aepap.org
- medlineplus.gov
- msdmanuals.com
- mayoclinic.org
- medigraphic.com
How can we help you?
The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.
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