What is Multiple sclerosis?

This condition of the central nervous system directly affects the brain and spinal cord and can become incapacitating, since the immune system deteriorates the myelin (the nerves’ covering) causing a lack of communication between the brain and the patient’s body.

Its origin is unknown, but it is an autoimmune condition that has some risk factors such as age (being more frequent between 21 to 42 years), gender (since women are more likely to suffer from it), family history, infections, vitamin D deficiency, and smoking.

Signs and symptoms Multiple sclerosis

The symptoms may vary depending on the evolution of the disease and the affected areas, but the following symptoms usually appear:

Lack of strength and mobility in the limbs.
Electric shocks at neck level.
Tremor, lack of coordination, and limp.
Visual weakness in which partial or total vision of one eye can be lost.
Blurred or double vision.
Speech problems.
Tiredness and dizziness.
Numbness in various body areas.
Sexual dysfunction.
Bowel and urinary problems.

Diagnosis and treatment Multiple sclerosis

There are no specific tests to detect it, so various tests are used to rule out the presence of other diseases, including blood tests, lumbar puncture, MRI, and evoked potential tests to measure the nervous system’s electrical activity in response to stimuli.

Multiple sclerosis is incurable, but there are pharmacological treatments that can control the symptoms and stop its progression. In some cases, the symptoms are so mild that no treatment is necessary.

At the Neurology Center, a select group of highly trained and certified doctors in various neurological specialties is ready to assist you with the quality and warmth that characterizes us.

Our mission is to provide you with comprehensive and multidisciplinary care programs for preventing, diagnosing, treating, and rehabilitating nervous system diseases, always focusing on your safety.

Nervous system specialties

Neurology
Neurosurgery
Spine surgery
Pediatric neurosurgery
Neurophysiology
Neuro-rehabilitation
Neuro-pathology
Interventional neuro-radiology
Neuropsychology
Neuro-oncology
Neuro-otology
Epilepsy
Neuro-ophthalmology
Neuroimaging

Related centers and departments

Neurology Center
High Specialty Surgery Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

neurorgs.net
mayoclinic.org
medlineplus.gov
topdoctors.es
msdmanuals.com
medigraphic.com
Macías-Cosme K, Cervantes-Llanos M, Marín-Prida J, et al. Generación de un modelo murino de encefalomielitis autoinmune experimental crónico progresivo para estudios de farmacología molecular en esclerosis múltiple . Biotecnol Apl. 2012;29(3):169-174.
Romo-Sanchez M, Nelson F, Sangrador-Deitos M. Resonancia Magnética en Esclerosis Múltiple: un repaso de los principios básicos de imagenología y guías prácticas de uso. Arch Neurocien. 2020;25(4):23-31.
Herrera BM, Avello OME, Blanco RC, et al. Resultado del tratamiento rehabilitador en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple. Acta Med Cent. 2020;14(1):82-92.
Mesa WIJ, Bravo AT. Influencia del tratamiento neurorrehabilitador en la calidad de vida de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple. Rev Cub de Med Fis y Rehab. 2018;10(2):1-13.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is Multiple sclerosis?

Signs and symptoms Multiple sclerosis

Diagnosis and treatment Multiple sclerosis

Related centers and departments

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Multiple sclerosis