What is rabies?

4 May 2021

It is a viral disease with deadly consequences that is transmitted through the saliva of sick animals, whether domestic or wild, that bite humans, mainly dogs, cats, ferrets, bats, and other mammals.

It is important to apply the rabies vaccine to domestic animals and also as prevention in humans if there is a risk of contracting it since once the symptoms appear, there is no treatment that can prevent the fatal outcome.

Signs and symptoms Rabies

It is characterized by:

Swallowing problems.
Excess saliva.
Hydrophobia (fear of water).
High temperature.
Nervousness.
Anxiety episodes.
Confusion.
Hallucinogenic periods.
Inability to fall asleep.
Paralysis.
Migraine.
Dizziness.
Nausea.
Vomit.

If you are bitten by an animal, see your doctor immediately, as there is a possibility that you may contract rabies, so you should receive anti-rabies treatment to prevent it. Any mammal can transmit rabies, the most frequent being:

Pets:

Dog.
Cat.
Ferret.
Hamster.

Country animals:

Cow.
Goat.
Horse.
Sheep.

Wild animals:

Monkey.
Raccoon.
Bat.
Coyote.
Fox.

Diagnosis and treatment Rabies

When you are bitten by an animal, you will hardly be able to corroborate if it had rabies unless they perform tests on the animal; but if your doctor believes that there is a risk that you may have been infected, you should receive a treatment that prevents the infection from growing and spreading through your body.

The treatment includes rabies immunoglobulin injected into the area of the bite to prevent infection, and a series of rabies vaccines for 15 days so that the immune system identifies the virus and creates the necessary defenses to fight it.

At the ABC Medical Center Internal Medicine Department we offer health care services with the highest quality and safety, from prevention, diagnosis, timely treatment, and monitoring of infectious, respiratory, endocrinological, dermatological, rheumatic, nephrological, gastrointestinal, and hematological pathologies, of chronic-degenerative diseases and acute conditions, through a comprehensive and multidisciplinary model.

Related centers and departments Rabies

Internal medicine
High Specialty Surgery Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

who.int
mayoclinic.org
medlineplus.gov
cdc.gov
topdoctors.es
medigraphic.com
López SDI, Caballero BJA, Díaz DAA, et al. Fundamentos teóricos del desempeño de los médicos y enfermeros en el manejo de la Rabia. AMC. 2018;22(4):486-499.
Hernández DPA, Caballero CC, Rodríguez HF, et al. Algunos aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos relacionados con mordeduras de perro en niños . Rev Cubana Med Trop. 2020;72(1):1-15.
Torres MBB, Domínguez MY, Rodríguez NJA. La rabia como enfermedad re-emergente. Medicentro. 2019;23(3):238-248.
Ortega PA, Jiménez CM. La rabia canina, una zoonosis latente en Yucatán. Rev Biomed. 2017;28(2):61-63.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is rabies?

Signs and symptoms Rabies

Diagnosis and treatment Rabies

Related centers and departments Rabies

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Rabies