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What is vertigo?
30 December 2025
It is a balance disorder in which the patient feels a non-existent movement—meaning they experience a dynamic, hallucinatory process—due to an abnormality in the vestibular system located in the inner ear.
Although anyone can suffer from it, vertigo is more common among children and older adults.
There are two types of vertigo:
- Peripheral: This is the most common type, caused by alterations in the vestibular nerve and the inner ear’s labyrinth.
- Central: This type of vertigo occurs as a result of neurological impairments to the vestibular system’s physiology.
The origin of vertigo is diverse, so it can be caused by, among other things:
- Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).
- Ménière’s disease.
- Vestibular neuritis.
- Acoustic neuroma.
- Trauma.
- Infections.
- Intoxications (poisoning).
- Neurological vascular problems.
- Multiple sclerosis.
Signs and symptoms Vertigo
- Imbalance.
- Nausea.
- Sensation of spinning movement.
- Instability.
- Hearing loss.
- Ringing in the ear (tinnitus).
- Pain.
- Double vision.
- Headache (migraine).
- Problems walking.
- Difficulty swallowing.
- Increased pressure in the ear.
Diagnosis and treatment Vertigo
After analyzing your symptoms and clinical history, the doctor will perform a physical exam and request various studies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scan, to rule out other conditions and confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment varies and may include:
- Periodic observation.
- Intratympanic gentamicin.
- Surgery.
At the Neurological Center, a group of highly trained and certified doctors in various neurological specialties are ready to assist you with the quality and warmth that characterizes us.
Related centers and departments Vertigo
Fuentes:
- neurologia.com
- topdoctors.es
- cun.es
- neurology.org
- middlesexhealth.org
- mayoclinic.org
- medlineplus.gov
- msdmanuals.com
- medigraphic.com
- Barboza HW, Zievinger P, Hernández GM. Vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno: revisión bibliográfica. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2019;57(6):.
- Torres-Gerardo F, Celis-Aguilar E, Espinoza-Valdez A, et al. Tratamiento del vértigo postural paroxístico benigno: encuesta nacional y algoritmo de su manejo. Otorrinolaringología. 2022;67(3):207-216.
How can we help you?
The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.
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