Heartburn, also known as pyrosis or acid indigestion, is a burning or uncomfortable sensation generally located in the upper part of the abdomen or behind the sternum.
Pyrosis
Heartburn, whose correct medical term is pyrosis, is the result of an altered mechanism in the digestive system; this can occur due to multiple causes such as:
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): occurs when the contents of the stomach flow back into the esophagus; this happens because the lower esophageal sphincter, which functions as a valve separating the esophagus from the stomach, does not close properly and allows gastric acid to rise into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation.
- Eating habits: certain foods and beverages can trigger heartburn by increasing stomach acid production or relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter; examples include fatty foods, chocolate, coffee, alcoholic or carbonated drinks, and acidic foods.
- Pregnancy: women often experience heartburn during pregnancy due to hormonal changes or pressure caused by the growing uterus.
- Emotional states: stress and anxiety can worsen heartburn symptoms by altering stomach acid production or affecting intestinal motility.
- Medications: some medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, or certain antibiotics may irritate the stomach lining.
- Other medical conditions: the presence of conditions such as hiatal hernia, gastritis, peptic ulcers, or Helicobacter pylori infections may cause heartburn.
Pain in the pit of the stomach
With heartburn, it is common to experience pain in the pit of the stomach, burning, also known as epigastric pain or epigastralgia. This symptom occurs for various reasons, almost always related to some alteration of the digestive system.
This discomfort is characterized by a burning sensation or discomfort located in the upper part of the abdomen and below the sternum; however, its origin may vary and come from the stomach, the esophagus, or even nearby organs such as the pancreas or small intestine. Therefore, it is not always synonymous with heartburn.
It is always a good idea to seek medical evaluation, not only to determine the underlying cause of the symptom but also to receive appropriate treatment and avoid simply masking the symptoms.
Stomach burning
With heartburn, the burning sensation in the stomach can range from mild discomfort to something disabling. However, its treatment will vary depending on the underlying cause.
Generally, the goal of treatment is to reduce stomach acidity, improve digestive tract motility, and relieve irritation. Several strategies can help control this symptom.
One of the most effective and primary measures is changing eating habits and lifestyle. Avoiding foods that trigger acidity, as well as taking actions such as avoiding overeating or lying down immediately after eating, helps in many cases.
Maintaining a healthy weight is also essential, as obesity increases abdominal pressure and can promote reflux, which in turn may result in heartburn.
Several types of medications can be used in more severe cases, but the choice will depend on the underlying cause, frequency, and severity of the condition.
It may also be necessary to treat the underlying cause, which may include surgical procedures such as fundoplication, an anti-reflux surgery.
Although heartburn is a common symptom that affects people of all ages, it is a condition that can significantly affect quality of life. Many people become accustomed to living with it, but in reality multiple tools can help eliminate it or reduce the discomfort it causes.
At ABC Medical Center’s Internal Medicine area, we can provide you with specialized care. Contact us!
Fuentes:
MedlinePlus, Elsevier, Houston Methodist
