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What is atopy?
21 November 2025
Atopy is a genetic condition that causes a high predisposition to allergies due to environmental hypersensitivity. This can manifest as asthma, angioedema, food allergies, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, or rashes.
In atopy, the human body overreacts to certain allergens and irritants like dust, pollen, and others.
People with this condition are called atopic. Most are born with a hereditary predisposition to develop various allergies that can affect different organs, such as:
- Nose: Allergic rhinitis or hay fever.
- Eyes: Allergic conjunctivitis.
- Skin: Atopic eczema.
- Lungs: Asthma.
Sometimes these conditions can be triggered one after another, which is called the allergic march, but they can also alternate or develop in parallel. It’s common in young children but can emerge at any age.
Genetic factors are the main cause of the body’s heightened reaction to the environment. Skin characteristics, such as being dry or sensitive, also play a role, as their function is altered when they become easily inflamed, leading to eczema. Eczema is often the first sign of atopy, especially in infants.
Signs and symptoms Atopy
The symptoms vary depending on the organ affected, but they can include:
- Allergies to dust, pollen, and animal dander.
- Food allergies.
- Asthma.
- Allergic conjunctivitis.
- Atopic dermatitis.
- Eczema.
- Redness.
- Irritation.
- Itching.
- Dryness.
Diagnosis and treatment Atopy
In addition to analyzing your symptoms and reviewing your medical history, a specialist will perform a physical exam and may order a patch test on your skin to look for signs of an allergic reaction.
The treatment for atopy is determined based on the affected organ or body area, but it usually includes:
- Skin moisturizing and personal care.
- Medicated creams, lotions, or ointments.
- Antibiotics.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs.
- Corticosteroids.
- Phototherapy.
- Relaxation techniques.
At the ABC Medical Center’s Department of Internal Medicine, we provide high-quality, safe medical care, from prevention and diagnosis to timely treatment and follow-up for infectious, respiratory, endocrine, dermatological, rheumatic, nephrological, gastrointestinal, and hematological conditions. We treat both chronic-degenerative and acute conditions using a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach.
Related centers and departments Atopy
Fuentes:
- aaaai.org
- cigna.com
- pierrefabreeczemafoundation.org
- elsevier.es
- topdoctors.mx
- cun.es
- medlineplus.gov
- mayoclinic.org
- medigraphic.com
- Beltrán J, Zurita C, Romero P. Factores de riesgo socioambientales asociados a la presencia de síntomas de atopias en niños menores de 3 años. Alerg Asma Inmunol Pediatr. 2021;30(1):13-18. doi:10.35366/100112.
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The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.
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