What is Common variable immunodeficiency?

It is an immune system disorder characterized by a low concentration of immunoglobulins, which allows the body to suffer recurrent infections, mainly in the bronchi, ears, nose, and stomach.

According to clinical research, common variable immunodeficiency can be hereditary or develop spontaneously. It usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 40, but it can occur at any time.

In common variable immunodeficiency, the number of B lymphocytes is normal, but the cells do not mature, so they cannot produce antibodies, which are responsible for fighting infections in the body.

The most common infections are:

Gastrointestinal.
Pneumonia.
Otitis.
Sinusitis.

Signs and symptoms Common variable immunodeficiency

The symptoms will depend on the place where the infection develops, the most characteristic signs being:

Diarrhea.
Difficulty breathing.
Dilation of the airways.
Ear infections.
Malabsorption.
Problems clearing mucus.
Chronic coughing fits.
Bloody phlegm.
Enlarged spleen.

Common variable immunodeficiency risks and complications:

There is a high risk of suffering from:

Stomach cancer.
Autoimmune diseases.
Lymphoma.
Blood problems.
Digestive disorders.

Diagnosis and treatment Common variable immunodeficiency

After analyzing your symptoms and clinical history, your doctor will perform a physical examination and order blood tests to measure the concentration of immunoglobulins and determine if the body produces the appropriate number in response to the vaccines.

If deemed necessary, they can also request spirometry, MRI, and CT scans.
The treatment to follow consists of:

Antibiotics.
Immunoglobulins intravenously or subcutaneously for life.
Medications that suppress or modify the immune system activity, as appropriate.

In ABC Medical Center Internal Medicine Department, we provide you with health care services with the highest quality and safety, from prevention, diagnosis, timely treatment, and follow-up of infectious, respiratory, endocrinological, dermatological, rheumatic, nephrological, gastrointestinal, and hematological conditions, both chronic-degenerative and acute, through a comprehensive and multidisciplinary model.

Related centers and departments

Internal Medicine
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

aaaai.org
ipopi.org
cun.es
elsevier.es
medlineplus.gov
mayoclinic.org
msdmanuals.com
medigraphic.com
González-Serrano ME, Rodríguez-Alba JC, López-Herrera G. Inmunodeficiencia común variable, diagnóstico clínico y de laboratorio y genes más comunes. Alerg Asma Inmunol Pediatr. 2021;30(3):91-98. doi:10.35366/102982.
Franco-Esquivias AP, García-De la Peña C, Torres-Lozano C, et al. Microbiota bacteriana intestinal en pacientes mexicanos con inmunodeficiencia común variable. Gac Med Mex. 2019;155(5):481-486.
Avelar-Rodríguez D, Toro-Monjaraz EM, Peña VR, et al. Paciente con acalasia esofágica e inmunodeficiencia común variable. Reporte de caso y revisión bibliográfica. Acta Pediatr Mex. 2019;40(3):143-147.
O’Farrill-Romanillos PM, Galindo-Pacheco LV, Amaya-Mejía AS, et al. Leucemia mieloide crónica en un adulto con inmunodeficiencia común variable. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2014;52(1):94-97.

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The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the ABC Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is Common variable immunodeficiency?

Signs and symptoms Common variable immunodeficiency

Diagnosis and treatment Common variable immunodeficiency

Related centers and departments

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Common variable immunodeficiency